استخدام more و most
ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ Degrees of Comparison
- ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻫﻲ :
Positive Degree
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﻪ
Comparative Degree
ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ
Superlative Degree
ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ
ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﻪ (ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﻪ )
- ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﻪ ﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻭ ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺘﻪُ
ﻣﻊ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻱ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺍﺧﺮ ﺑﺄﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ , ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ
ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Tom is short.
She is beautiful.
She sings beautifully.
He drives carefully.
- ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﻪ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺻﻔﻪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﻦ
ﺑﺄﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ as…….as ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺒﺘﻪ ﻭ so……….as ﻣﻊ
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﻴﻪ , ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Tom is as old as my brother.
Betty is not so (as) pretty as her sister.
- ( ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻊ as…….as ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﻴﻪ ﺍﻳﻀﺎً)
ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ
ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﺨﺼﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺷﻴﺌﻴﻦ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎﻥ
ﻓﻴﻬﺎ , ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﻪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ...
- ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ , ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ
ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﻪ ﺑﺄﺿﺎﻓﺔ ( er) ﺍﻟﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻪ , ﺗﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( than) ﻣﺜﻞ
John is taller than Bill.
Bill is smaller than Tom
- ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ , ﻓﻴﺘﻢ
ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﻪ ﺑﺄﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( more) ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻭ
ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ , ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
She more beautiful than you.
Look out! You must be more careful , crossing the
street.
ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ
ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﻪ ﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺃﻭ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻋﻠﺔ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻻﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ , ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺻﻴﺎﻏﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ...
- ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻣﺘﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ , ﻓﺘﻀﺎﻑ
( est) ﺍﻟﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ , ﻭﺗﺴﺒﻖ
ﺑ ( the) ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Tom is one of the cleverest students in his
group.
This is the happiest day in my life.
- ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻣﺘﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ , ﻓﻴﺘﻢ
ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺑﺄﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( the most ) ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ
ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ , ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
She is the most beautiful woman in the world.
ﻫﻲ ﺍﺟﻤﻞ ﺍﻣﺮﺍﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ
- ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻳُﻮﺿﺢ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ...
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
few (ﻗﻠﻴﻞ)
fewer (ﺍﻗﻞ )
fewest (ﺍﻻﻗﻞ)
long ( ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﻴﺎﺀ )
longer
longest
short (ﻗﺼﻴﺮ)
shorter
shortest
small (ﺻﻐﻴﺮ )
smaller
smallest
strong (ﻗﻮﻱ )
stronger
strongest
tall ( ﻃﻮﻳﻞ ﻟﻼﺷﺨﺎﺹ )
taller
tallest
thick (ﺳﻤﻴﻚ)
thicker
thickest
- ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑ ( e ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﻓﻘﻂ ( r )
ﻭﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺗﻀﺎﻑ ( st ) ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﺜﻞ
able (ﻣﺘﻤﻜﻦ)
abler
ablest
brave (ﺷﺠﺎﻉ )
braver
bravest
fine (ﺟﻤﻴﻞ )
finer
finest
free (ﺣُﺮ)
freer
freest
large (ﻭﺍﺳﻊ)
larger
largest
nice (ﻟﻄﻴﻒ )
nicer
nicest
polite (ﻣﻮُﺩﺏ )
politer
politest
rare (ﻧﺎﺩﺭ)
rarer
rarest
simple (ﺑﺴﻴﻂ)
simpler
simplest
wise (ﺣﻜﻴﻢ )
wiser
wisest
- ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻴﻪ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺎً ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ,
ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻳﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ ( er)
ﺍﻭ ( est) ﺍﻟﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ
big (ﻛﺒﻴﺮ )
bigger
biggest
dim (ﻣﻌﺘﻢ)
dimmer
dimmest
fat (ﺳﻤﻴﻦ )
fatter
fattest
fit (ﻻﺋﻖ)
fitter
fittest
hot (ﺣﺎﺭ )
hotter
hottest
sad( ﺣﺰﻳﻦ)
sadder
saddest
thin( ﻧﺤﻴﻒ)
thinner
thinnest
wet (ﺭﻃﺐ )
wetter
wettest
- ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻴﻪ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻕ ﺑﺤﺮﻓﻲ ﻋﻠﻪ ﻓﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻻﻳﻀﺎﻋﻒ ﻣﺜﻞ
great (ﺿﺨﻢ)
greater
greatest
- ﺍﺫﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮﻑ ( y ) ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟ ( y ) ﻣﺴﺒﻮﻗﺎً ﺑﺤﺮﻑ
ﺻﺤﻴﺢ , ﻧﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﻟ ( y ) ﻭﻧﻀﻴﻒ ( ier) ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﻭ ( iest )
ﻓﻲ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ , ﻣﺜﻞ ...
busy (ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ )
busier
busiest
dirty (ﻭﺳﺦ )
dirtier
dirtiest
dry (ﺟﺎﻑ)
drier
driest
early (ﻣﺒﻜﺮ)
earlier
earliest
easy (ﺳﻬﻞ )
easier
easiest
funny (ﻣﻀﺤﻚ )
funnier
funniest
greedy ( ﻃﻤﺎﻉ , ﺟﺸﻊ )
greedier
greediest
happy (ﺳﻌﻴﺪ )
happier
happiest
heavy (ﺛﻘﻴﻞ )
heavier
heaviest
lazy (ﻛﺴﻮﻝ )
lazier
laziest
noisy ( ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺿﺎﺀ )
noisier
noisiest
pretty (ﺣَﺴﻦ)
prettier
prettiest
tidy (ﻣﺮﺗﺐ )
tidier
tidiest
ugly (ﻗﺒﻴﺢ )
uglier
ugliest
friendly (ﻭﺩﻭﺩ)
friendlier , more friendly
friendliest , most friendly
- ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ
shy (ﺧﺠﻮﻝ )
shyer
shyest
- ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ , ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﻜﻠﻤﺔ (more)
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﺭﻧﻪ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( most) ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ
beautiful (ﺟﻤﻴﻞ )
more beautiful
most beautiful
comfortable (ﻣﺮﻳﺢ )
more comfortable
most comfortable
difficult (ﺻﻌﺐ )
more difficult
most difficult
more expensive
most expensive
Eng.mahmoud
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