شرح الفرق بين has been have been had been

شرح الفرق بين has been have been had been

الفرق بين 

Has been, have been, had been 

“Had been” (past perfect tense)

حاجة بدأت في الماضي واستمرت فترة طويلة وانتهت

I got married,  I had been a fool  

🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼🌼

“Has been” & “Have been” (present perfect)

حاجة بدأت في الماضي ولسه مستمرة 😏

I have been a teacher of English since 2012

ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ

The difference between the present perfect continuous tense andpresent perfect

ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ، ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺩﻻﻻﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻼ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻟﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ . ﺗﻢ ﺷﺮﺡ ﻛﻼ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ

Present Perfect ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ

Present Perfect ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ

S + (have / has)+ V ..……………+

ﺗﺘﺄﻟﻒ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻭ ﺛﻢ ﻳﻠﻴﻪ have / has ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ ‏( ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ‏) .

ﻻ ﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ have / has ﻫﻤﺎ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ، ﻭ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ .

ﻻ ﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ .

ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺪﺃ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﺘﻪِ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ :

I have lived here since 1985. ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻋﻴﺶ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎﻡ 1985

I have been here since seven o’clock. ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ

I have had this same pair of shoes for three years. ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻣﻠﻚ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﺍﺀ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ .

I have liked cowboy movies since I was a child. ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺃﻓﻼﻡ ﺭﻋﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻃﻔﻼً .

I have known him for many years. ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻋﺮﻓﻪ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ

I haven’t attended any parties since I came here. ﻟﻢ ﺃﺣﻀﺮ ﺃﻳﺔ ﺣﻔﻼﺕ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺌﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﻨﺎ

Bill has been here since the 22 . ﺑِﻞ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ.

Try not to be absent for the rest of the term. You

have already missed too many classes. ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻻ ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺐ ﺑﻘﻴﺔَ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ . ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻐﻴﺒﺖَ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎً ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺺ .

So far this week, I have had two tests and a quiz. ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ، ﻟﻘﺪ ﻗﻤﺖُ ﺑﺎﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻣﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ .

Up to now, Professor Diab has given our class five tests. ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺃﺟﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻓﺴﻮﺭ ﺩﻳﺎﺏ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻟﺼﻔﻨﺎ .

Ever since I was a child, I

have been afraid of dogs. ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻥ ﻛﻨﺖُ ﻃﻔﻼً ﻭ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﺧﺎﻑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﺏ .

In her whole lifetime, Ann

has never seen snow. ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ، ﺁﻥ ﻟﻢ ﺗﺮَ ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺞ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً .

A- Have you been able to reach Nader on the phone yet?

B- Not yet. I have been trying for the last twenty minutes, but the line has been busy. ﺃ - ﻫﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻌﺖ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻨﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ؟ﺏ - ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻌﺪْ . ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﺣﺎﻭﻝَ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ، ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻂ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ .

I have lived here since last March. ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﻋﻴﺶُ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺁﺫﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ .

ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ‏( ﺃﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ‏) ﺩﻭﻥ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ .

They have moved into a new apartment. ﻟﻘﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻠﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﻘﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ .

I have already seen that movie. ﻟﻘﺪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺕ ُﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻠﻢ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎً .

I have never seen snow ﺃﻧﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺃﺭَ ﺍﻟﺜﻠﺞ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً .

Have you ever visited

Mexico? ﻫﻞ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺯﺭﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺴﻴﻚ؟

ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺗﻜﺮﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺣﺪﻭﺙ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ .

We have had four tests so far this semester. ﻗﻤﻨﺎ ﺑﺄﺭﺑﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ .

I have flown many times on an airplane ﺳﺎﻓﺮﺕ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮﺓ

I have written them three times, but I still haven’t received a reply. ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻟﻜﻨﻨﻲ ﻟﻢ ﺃﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﺭﺩﺍً ﺑﻌﺪ

The telephone has rung four times in the last hour, and each time it

has been for my sister. ﺭﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮﺓٍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻷﺧﺘﻲ .

We have had three major snow storms so far this winter. ﻟﻘﺪ ﺗﻌﺮﺿﻨﺎ ﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﻋﻮﺍﺻﻒ ﺛﻠﺠﻴﺔ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺸﺘﺎﺀ .

I have never had Pizza. ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﻟﻢ ﺃﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘﺰﺍ ﺃﺑﺪﺍً .

ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺩﻻﻻﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ :

since ﻣﻨﺬ for ﻣﻨﺬ / ﻟﻤﺪﺓ already ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎً

up to now ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ so far ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ yet ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ

since then ﻣﻨﺬ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﻦ

since : ‏( ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﺇﻣﺎ ‏( ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ For : ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺯﻣﻨﻴﺔ

I have been here since 5 o’clock . ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ .

I have been here since Mazen left . ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻥ ﻏﺎﺩﺭَ ﻣﺎﺯﻥ .

I have been here for 5 hours. ﺃﻧﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ .

ﻭ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ

Present Perfect Progressive

ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ

S + (have / has) + been + V ing ………+

ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ : ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ

ﻱﺳﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺪﺃ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﺘﻪٍ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ , ﻭ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻣﺘﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻣﻨﻲ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ .

I have been living here since 1985. ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻋﻴﺶ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺎﻡ 1985

I have been sitting here since seven o’clock. ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺟﺎﻟﺲ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ

I have been sittin g here for two hours. ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺟﺎﻟﺲ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻴﻦ

You have  been  studying for  five  straight  hours. Why don’t you take a break? ﺇﻧﻚ ﺗﺪﺭﺱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ . ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻻ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺔ؟

It has been raining all day. It is still raining now. ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮّﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻄﺮ ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ . ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﺗﻤﻄﺮ ﺍﻵﻥ

The boys are playing tennis right now. They have been playing for almost two hours. They must be getting tired. ﺇﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩَ ﻳﻠﻌﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺲ ﺍﻵﻥ . ﺇﻧﻬﻢ ﻳﻠﻌﺒﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺲ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺘﻴﻦ . ﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻧﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﻌَﺒﻴﻦ ﺍﻵﻥ .

Ali is talking on the phone. He has been talking on the phone for over half an hour. He should hang up soon. Long distance is expensive. ﻋﻠﻲ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺙُ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻵﻥ . ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺙُ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮِ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ . ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﻬﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻟﻤﺔ ﺣﺎﻻً . ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻟﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻠﺔ ﻏﺎﻟﻴﺔ .

I’m trying to study. I have been trying to study for the last hour, but something seems to interrupt me. I think I’d better go to the library. ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﺣﺎﻭﻝُ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻵﻥ . ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﺎﻋﺔٍ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً، ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺒﺪﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺎﻃﻌﻨﻲ . ﺃﻋﺘﻘﺪُ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﻟﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ .

The baby has been crying for ten minutes. I wonder what’s wrong. ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻔﻞ ﻳﺒﻜﻲ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ . ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﺗﺴﺎﺀﻝُ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ .

Sami has been sitting in the waiting room for more than an hour. ﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺟﺎﻟﺲٌ ﻓﻲ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻈﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ .

It has been snowing all day. I wonder when it will stop. ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓٌ ﺑﺎﻟﺜﻠﺞ ﻃﻮﺍﻝَ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ . ﺃﺗﺴﺎﺀﻝُ ﻣﺘﻰ ﺳﺘﺘﻮﻗﻒ .

The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it? ﺇﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﻳﺮﻥ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎً . ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻻ ﻳﺠﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ؟

‏( ﺃﻱ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺰﺍﻝ ﻳﺮﻥ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ ).

It’s midnight. I have been studying for five straight hours. ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ . ﺇﻧﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮٌّ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ .

It’s ten P.M. I have been studying for two hours and probably won’t finish until midnight. ﺇﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮﺓُ ﻣﺴﺎﺀً . ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻧﻨﻲ ﻟﻦ ﺃﻧﺘﻬﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ .

I have been living here since last March. ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﻋﻴﺶُ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺁﺫﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ .

A- Dr. Sudan is a good teacher. How long has he

been at the university?

B- He has been teaching here for twenty-five years. ﺃ - ﺩ . ﺳُﻮﺩﺍﻥ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺪﺭّﺱٌ ﺟﻴﺪ . ﻣﻨﺬ ﻣﺘﻰ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ؟

ﺏ - ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳﺪﺭّﺱُ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺧﻤﺴﺔٍ ﻭ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺎً .

ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً :

I have been thinking about changing my major. ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﻓﻜّﺮ ﺑﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ . } ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً }

All of the students have been studying hard. Final exams start next week. ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﻳﺪﺭﺳﻮﻥ ﺑﺠﺪ . ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻡ . ‏( ﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻧﻔﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﺠﺪ ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً ‏)

My back hurts, so I have been sleeping on the floor lately. ﻇﻬﺮﻱ ﻳﺆﻟﻤﻨﻲ , ﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﻧﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً

Her eyes are red because she has been crying. ﻋﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﺣﻤﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺒﻜﻲ .‏( ﺃﻱ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻜﺎﺀ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ‏(

The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he

has been playing in the mud. ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺘﺴﺦ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺃﺳﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻗﺪﻣﻴﻪ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﻞ ‏( ﺃﻱ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺍً ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ )

A- Hi, Jenny. I haven’t seen you for weeks. What have

you been doing lately?

B- I have been studying lately. ﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎً ﺟﻴﻨﻲ . ﻟﻢ ﺃﺭَﻙِ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﺳﺎﺑﻴﻊ . ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﻔﻌﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً؟

ﺏ - ﺇﻧﻨﻲ ﺃﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً .

A- What’s the matter? Your eyes are red and puffy.

Have you been crying?

B- No. I just finished peeling some onions. ﺃ - ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ؟ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﻙِ ﺣﻤﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻮﺭّﻣﺘﺎﻥ . ﻫﻞ ﻛﻨﺖِ ﺗﺒﻜﻴﻦ؟

ﺏ - ﻻ . ﻟﻘﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﻴﺖُ ﻟﺘﻮّﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺸﻴﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﻞ .

Wake up! You have been sleeping long enough. It’s time to get up. ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻘﻆ ! ﻟﻘﺪ ﻧﻤﺖ ﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻛﺎﻑٍ . ﺣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻟﺘﻨﻬﺾ .

We have been standin g here for more than two hours. ﻧﺤﻦ ﻭﺍﻗﻔﻴﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺘﻴﻦ .

ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺓ ﺩﻻﻻﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ :

since ﻣﻨﺬ for ﻟﻤﺪﺓ all day ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ

all night ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ all week ﻃﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ lately ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً

recently ﻣﺆﺧﺮﺍً

‏( ﻓﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺃﻭ

ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ‏)

He has worked in the same store for ten years. ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ /. ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺪﺃ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﺘﻪِ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ /

He has been working in the same store for ten years. ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﺮ ﻣﻨﺬ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ /. ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﺪﺃ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻨﺘﻪِ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺍﻵﻥ