متى نستخدم a an some any

 متى نستخدم a an some any

استخـــدام A ﻭ An ﻭ Some

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ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻻ

ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ ﻣﻨﻔﺮﺩﺍ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﺒﻘﻪ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ

ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ :

> A , An , Some <

ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﺃﻱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺮﻑ

ﺑﺄﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ.

ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ > An apple < ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ

ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻓﻼ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ ﺗﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﻘﺼﺪ

ﺃﻱ ﺗﻔﺎﺣﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ.

ﻭﺍﻥ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ > A car < ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺃﻱ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ

ﻛﺎﻧﺖ.

ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ An ﻣﻊ Apple

ﻭ A ﻣﻊ Car ؟

ﺳﺒﺐ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ An ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺪﻭﺀﺓ

ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ،

ﻭﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻫﻲ :

> A / U / O / E / I <

ﻣﺜﺎﻝ :

ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ >)An(< ﻣﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ

>)Orange(< ﻷﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﺪﻭﺀﺓ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ

>)o(<

ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﻓﺘﺴﺒﻘﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ

>)A(< ﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ > A hotel <

ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ )1( :

ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ

ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ A ﺃﻭ An

ﻓﻼ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ >hat< ﻭ ﺇﻧﻤﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ > A hat < ﻷﻧﻪ

ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ.

ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ )2( :

ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ >Some< ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎﺀ

ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻭﺩﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩﺓ ،

ﻓﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﻣﺜﻼ :

Some friends

Some papers

Some eggs

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نونـــي